city, seat (1853) of Goodhue county, southeastern Minnesota, U.S. It lies on the Mississippi River (bridged to Wisconsin), near Lake Pepin, about 45 miles (70 km) southeast of St. Paul (Saint Paul). In 1805 the explorer Zebulon Pike (Pike, Zebulon Montgomery) arrived at the site, which was overlooked by Barn Bluff and was then a Sioux village. Pike held a meeting with an Indian chief named Hupahuduta (“Wing of the Wild Swan Dyed Red”), for whom the community was later named. A Swiss Protestant missionary post was established (1837–46). A permanent settlement of farmers and traders was made about 1850. By 1873 a primary wheat market had developed, but this industry later declined. The Red Wing Potteries, founded in 1878, contributed greatly to the city's economy until the factory closed in 1967. Today casino gambling, printing, leather tanning, and the manufacture of footwear, safety equipment, and industrial parts are important to the economy. Agriculture includes dairying, corn (maize), soybeans, peas, oats, and livestock. Frontenac State Park is southeast of the city on Lake Pepin. The Prairie Island Sioux reservation is to the northwest. Inc. 1857. Pop. (1990) 15,134; (2000) 16,116.