nun and founder of the Society of the Sacred Heart (Sacred Heart, Society of the).

Born of peasant stock, Madeleine was expertly tutored by her brother Louis, deacon and master. After the French Revolution, she went to Paris with Louis, who had become a priest. His superior, Joseph Varin, appointed Madeleine to head an educational order dedicated to the Sacred Heart of Jesus. She made her first consecration in 1800. In 1801 the first Convent of the Sacred Heart was opened at Amiens, Fr., and she became superior in 1802.

In 1804 Madeleine journeyed to Grenoble, Fr., to found her second convent and to receive into the order Blessed Rose Philippine Duchesne, its first missionary. In 1806 Madeleine was elected superior general of the Sacred Heart order for life, and in 1815 the constitutions and rules of the order, drafted with Varin's help, were adopted. The Society of the Sacred Heart received ecclesiastical approval in 1826. During her lifetime the order spread from France to 11 other countries of Europe, Algeria, and North and South America. Under her guidance remarkable uniformity was established among the convents.