African poet who expressed in Portuguese the cultural isolation and the tragic nature of life on the drought-stricken Cape Verdean islands. In delicately phrased verse that became a model for later poets, he often praised the stoic endurance of a people caught in an inhospitable, forgotten land.

Barbosa spent his early years on the island of São Vicente, excluding his years of study in Lisbon. He resided for many years on the island of Sal, working as a civil servant of the customhouse. He was one of the three founders of the literary journal Claridade (“Clarity”) in the 1930s, which marked the beginning of modern Cape Verdean literature. His poetry was published as Arquipélago (1935), Ambiente (1941; “The Circle”), and Caderno de um Ilhéu (1956; “An Islander's Notebook”).