city, seat (1850) of Raleigh county, southern West Virginia, U.S., approximately 50 miles (80 km) southeast of Charleston. The first settlement was established by General Alfred Beckley in 1838, but the city's growth dates from 1890, with the start of commercial shipments of smokeless coal from local mines. After the rich Winding Gulf coalfield was opened in 1907, the population increased sharply. During the American Civil War the city was occupied by both Union and Confederate troops.

Coal is still important to Beckley's economy, although tourism and such manufactures as mining machinery and electronic devices are also significant. Lake Stevens offers recreational activities, and Tamarack sells “West Virginia Made” products, crafts, and food. Beckley Exhibition Coal Mine offers tours of an underground coal mine. Little Beaver State Park is in nearby Beaver, and the Grandview Unit of New River Gorge National River is in nearby Glen Jean. Mountain State University, founded as Beckley College in 1933, is a private coeducational institution. Bluefield State College has a regional site at Beckley. Concord College (1872) is in neighbouring Athens. Inc. 1927. Pop. (1990) 18,296; (2000) 17,254.