poet, biographer, novelist, and writer of numerous informal essays, a genre that he virtually introduced to Swedish literature and that brought him his greatest success.

Despite the dilatory pursuit of his studies at the University of Lund, Bengtsson eventually managed to acquire considerable erudition, which he used to good effect in his poetry and prose. His two extended prose works are a biography of Charles XII, 2 vol. (1935–36), and the novel Röde Orm, 2 vol. (1941, 1945; The Long Ships), both of which are written in an ornate and colourfully romantic style. Bengtsson's broad knowledge of history and mastery of a rich but informal prose style were used most effectively in his essays. These whimsical investigations of literary and historical curiosities were published in five volumes during 1929–55. An English translation of Bengtsson's essays was published in 1950 as A Walk to an Ant Hill and Other Essays.