city, southwestern Haryana (Haryāna) state, northwestern India. The city is located on a tributary of the Ganges (Ganga) River, northeast of the Thar Desert. Selected by the British in 1817 as a free-market site, it was incorporated as a municipality in 1867. A road and rail junction, it is a major centre for trade with Rajasthan state. Industries include cotton milling and ginning, and pressing and light manufacturing. Several colleges and one technological institute are affiliated with Maharshi Dayanand University. The Technological Institute of Textile and Sciences in Bhiwani is well known in the region. The surrounding region includes outlying hills of the Aravalli Range. Products include grain, cotton, sugarcane, and oilseed, but agriculture has been hindered by poor water resources. Pop. (2001) 169,531.