city, north-central Ukraine, on the Ros River. Founded in the 11th century, Bila Tserkva (“White Church”) long remained a minor regional centre. In modern times industry developed, including machine building, tire production, furniture making, canning, flour milling, and the making of knitwear. A feature of the city is Oleksandriya, a large park landscaped in the 18th century that contains many exotic botanical species. The city also has an agricultural institute. Pop. (2001) 200,131; (2005 est.) 204,794.