city and ken (prefecture), northern Kyushu, Japan. Saga was the castle town of the lord (daimyo) Nabeshima Kansō. Traces of feudal days remain in the town's thatched roofs and the lotus-covered castle moats. Saga, the prefectural capital, is now an industrial centre noted for its cotton textiles and ceramic wares. A university was founded there in 1949. The town of Arita continues to produce its characteristic china and pottery, called Imari ware, which was developed by Ri Sampei, a Korean potter, in the 16th and 17th centuries.

Saga ken faces the Sea of Japan (north) and the Ariake Sea (south). Its area of 939 square miles (2,433 square km) includes the Tsukushi Plain, which is dissected by a network of creeks used for irrigation and drainage. Advanced agricultural techniques have been developed, and mechanization is extensive for large-scale orange cultivation, dairy farming, and cattle raising. Saga Plain is a major rice-producing area of Japan. Coal was an important industry until the shift of industrial energy sources to petroleum. Saga ken is believed to be the point at which the earliest contact between Japan and the Asian continent was made. In the late Tokugawa period (1603–1867) it was influenced by European culture through the city of Nagasaki. Pop. (1987 est.) city, 169,851; ken, 881,000.