bibliographic system devised by Henry Evelyn Bliss, of the College of the City of New York, and published in 1935 under the title A System of Bibliographic Classification; the full, second edition appeared in 1940–53. The system is utilized most extensively in British libraries. Characterized by liberal cross-references, it is primarily a bibliographic tool that aids in the organization of special subject fields. Arranged into 35 main classes, consisting of 9 numerical and 26 alphabetical classes, it has a notation system utilizing uppercase and lowercase roman letters, with Arabic numerals for major fixed categories or common subdivisions. Commas and apostrophes separate adjacent letters or groups of letters that, when combined into a single class mark, might be read as a single unit; they also avoid confusion of letters for numbers (e.g., 5 for s, 2 for z).