city, seat (1907) of Sequoyah county, eastern Oklahoma, U.S., just north of the Arkansas River and the Robert S. Kerr Reservoir, near the Arkansas state line. Settled in the 1880s, it was named for nearby Sallisaw Creek (from the French salaison, meaning “salt provisions,” because of local salt deposits). The settlement developed as a trading post and is now a service point for recreational activities. It is a diversified farming area (cotton, spinach, soybeans, and cattle) and has some light manufacturing. Dwight Mission, 7 miles (11 km) northeast, was founded in 1828 and functioned for more than a century; it was one of the most important educational institutions in Indian Territory before the American Civil War. Sequoyah, who invented the Cherokee syllabary (see Cherokee language), built a log cabin in the hills near the mission; his cabin is preserved as a state monument and houses his mementos and tools. Sallisaw State Park is 8 miles (13 km) north of the city, and Sequoyah National Wildlife Refuge, a 20,800-acre (8,417-hectare) sanctuary for waterfowl and other animal species, lies about 10 miles (16 km) to the west. Pop. (1990) 7,122; (2000) 7,989.