major earthquake with a magnitude of 7.9 that occurred on April 18, 1906, at 5:12 AM off the northern California coast. The San Andreas Fault slipped along a segment about 270 miles (430 km) long, extending from San Juan Bautista in San Benito county to Humboldt county, and from there perhaps out under the sea to an unknown distance. The shaking was felt from Los Angeles in the south to Coos Bay, Oregon, in the north. Damage was severe in San Francisco and in other towns situated near the fault, including San Jose, Salinas, and Santa Rosa. At least 700 people were killed. In San Francisco the earthquake started a fire that destroyed the central business district. Geologic field studies of this earthquake led to the detailed formation of the theory that elastic rebound of strained faults causes the shaking associated with earthquakes.See also uplift; Harry Fielding Reid (Reid, Harry Fielding).