town, Gauteng province, South Africa, east of Johannesburg. It is part of the mining and industrial complex of the East Rand area within the Witwatersrand. The area, first named in 1886, grew rapidly after the discovery of coal (in 1888) and gold (in 1905). Brakpan officially became a town in 1919, and it now has wide, tree-lined streets and residential suburbs separated from the diversified industrial areas. Since 1978, the recycling of the mine tailings at Brakpan (the largest such dump in the Witwatersrand) has resulted in the recovery of significant residual quantities of gold and uranium. Pop. (2001) 62,115.