city, Punjab province, Pakistan. The city is a grain and cash crop market connected by road with Lahore and Miānwāli and by rail with Faisalābād (formerly Lyallpur) and Lahore. Industries include textile, hosiery, flour, and oilseed mills, cotton gins, and chemical and soap factories. Sargodha was founded in 1903 as headquarters of the Lower Jhelum Canal colony and was constituted a municipality in 1914. Sargodha has a hospital, library, stadium, and several colleges affiliated with the University of the Punjab. Pop. (1998 prelim.) including cantonment, 455,360.