twice prime minister of Denmark (1942, 1945), whose opposition to cooperation with Nazi Germany during his first term of office resulted in his dismissal by the Germans.

After serving as collector of taxes for Copenhagen in the 1920s, Buhl, an active member of the Social Democratic Party, entered parliament in 1937. In the same year he became finance minister under Thorvald Stauning in Denmark's first Social Democratic government. A determined opponent of Denmark's forced adherence to the renewed Anti-Comintern Pact in 1941 during the German occupation of Denmark in World War II, Buhl became prime minister on Stauning's death in May 1942. Forced by the Germans to resign in November 1942, Buhl again became prime minister of the first postwar government (1945). In the minority Social Democratic government of Hans Hedtoft, he served as minister of economic coordination (1947–50) and concurrently as minister of justice from March to September 1950.