German brothers, geophysicists and petroleum engineers noted for their invention, in 1927, of a method of continuous electric logging of boreholes.

Conrad taught at the École Supérieur des Mines in Paris from 1907 until 1923, when he resigned his professorship of physics to join his brother Marcel in developing applications of physics for use in mining and petroleum geology. Between 1911 and 1914 Conrad developed the first geophysical method of detecting a nonmagnetic ore deposit. In 1923 the brothers conducted the first large-scale petroleum survey in Romania. They also developed a recording thermometer for oil wells. In 1929 the Schlumbergers discovered a correlation between increased electric potential and the location of oil sands within a borehole; in 1931 they marketed a technique that incorporated electric-potential measurements into the well log.

In 1919 they founded their own company (eventually called Schlumberger Ltd.), which extended the use of their techniques all over the world. Their developments brought major and universally adopted changes to petroleum-extraction practices.