Austrian writer known for his simple, robust plays dealing with the political and religious problems of peasant life.

Schönherr was the son of a country schoolmaster and became a practicing physician in Vienna. His first publications (1895) were unassuming dialect poems and short stories, but in 1897 he wrote a play, Der Judas von Tirol (rewritten 1927; “The Judas of the Tirol”), in which the Judas of a rural passion play becomes a real-life betrayer. Glaube und Heimat (1910; “Faith and Homeland”), often considered his best play, concerns peasant resistance to the Counter-Reformation of the church.

Acknowledging Norwegian dramatist Henrik Ibsen as his master, Schönherr stood midway between realism and symbolism. Using few characters, his dramas have the directness of fate, as events inexorably push his characters through successions of crises. Other important works with peasant themes include Die Bildschnitzer (1900; “The Woodcarvers”), Erde (1907; “Earth”), and Volk in Not (1915; “A People in Distress”). Schönherr also wrote several plays about the problems of the medical profession and of the middle class; the best include Vivat academia (1922), Es (1923; “It”), and Die Hungerblockade (1925; “The Hunger Blockade”). His stories and sketches are concerned with similar themes. His works were collected in Gesammelte Werke (1927). Most of his plays were first produced in the Burgtheater and in the Deutsches Volkstheater in Vienna.