French libertine who amused the nobility of his time with scandalous tales told in a light classical prose style; he was the cousin and confidant of the celebrated letter writer Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, marquise de Sévigné (Sévigné, Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, marquise de).

During the civil wars of the Fronde (uprisings against the government of Cardinal Mazarin), Bussy-Rabutin served first the rebels, then the government. Although his raffish escapades got him into trouble, he was nevertheless allowed to buy the exalted rank of lieutenant colonel general of the light cavalry in 1653 and was elected to the French Academy in 1665.

Then came his downfall with the unauthorized printing, in 1665, of his now best-known work, Histoire amoureuse des Gaules, four scandalous and amusingly written tales about court ladies. After 13 months' imprisonment he was exiled from Paris to his native Burgundy. His disgrace was deepened when his enemies produced more libellous pamphlets dressed up as supplements to the Histoire. From exile, however, he conducted a voluminous correspondence.