Succeeding to his father's earldom in 1723, he remained aloof from politics until he met (1747) and won the favour of Frederick Louis, prince of Wales, son of King George II. Upon Frederick's death in 1751, Bute became the constant companion and confidant of the prince's son George, heir to the throne, whose tutor he had been. After his accession George III made the earl secretary of state (March 1761). The king appointed Bute in order to break the power of the dominant Whig leaders and to achieve a peace with France. From the first, Bute, as a Scotsman, was widely disliked in England. He aroused further hostility by ousting from his administration William Pitt (Pitt, William, the Elder) (later 1st Earl of Chatham), creator of England's successful strategy in the Seven Years' War. Bute replaced Thomas Pelham-Holles (Newcastle, Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of, Duke Of Newcastle-upon-tyne, Marquess Of Clare, Earl Of Clare, Viscount Haughton, Baron Pelham Of Laughton, Baron Pelham Of Stanmer), 1st Duke of Newcastle, as first lord of the Treasury (in effect, prime minister) in May 1762, and in February 1763 he signed the Treaty of Paris (Paris, Treaty of), which made peace with France but was extremely unpopular in England. After imposing a hated cider tax and becoming involved in the controversial elevation of Henry Fox to the peerage, Bute resigned (April 1763). Nevertheless, he maintained his influence with George III until the new prime minister, George Grenville (Grenville, George), made the king promise (May 1765) that he would neither employ Bute in office nor seek his counsel.