city, Northumberland county, east-central Pennsylvania, U.S. It lies along Shamokin Creek. Founded in 1835 by the coal speculators John C. Boyd and Ziba Bird, it was early known as Boyd's Stone-coal Quarry, Boydtown, and New Town. The present name, selected by Boyd, is a derivation of one of two Delaware Indian words, one meaning “place of eels” and the other “where horns are plentiful.” Shamokin developed as an anthracite coal-mining centre, reaching its peak after the 1840s. It suffered extensive fire damage in 1872.

Following the decline of the coal industry, the city's economy diversified to include the manufacture of textiles, shoes, kitchen cabinets, and cellulose products. By the late 20th-century, however, there was little manufacturing left in Shamokin; service industries, including a state prison just outside of the city, had become the economic mainstay. Pop. (1990) 9,184; (2000) 8,009.