“cathedral”的意思、由来-百科全书

cathedral

Christian church

in Christian churches that have an episcopal form of church government, the church in which a residential bishop has his official seat or throne, the cathedra. Cathedral churches are of different degrees of dignity. There are cathedral churches of simple diocesan bishops, of archbishops or metropolitans, of primates, patriarchs, and, in the Roman Catholic Church (Roman Catholicism), of the pope. A cathedral church is not necessarily large and magnificent, although most cathedrals have become so. Since the territorial organization of the early church followed that of the Roman Empire, cathedrals from the first were established wherever possible in towns, not in villages. In the early European Middle Ages, the town in which a cathedral church was situated became known as the cathedral city.

In the Roman Catholic church, canon law makes no architectural conditions for a cathedral. The only canonical requirement is that a cathedral should be consecrated and adequately endowed. The pope has the right to designate a cathedral, although the choice of the bishop of the diocese or his decision to build a cathedral is normally approved by the pope. The bishop must be present in his cathedral on certain holy days, and he must normally perform ordinations there.

In the Eastern Orthodox church (Eastern Orthodoxy) the cathedral is the main church in a city where the bishop resides and where he celebrates the liturgy on festival occasions. In Russia, where the dioceses have always been few and have covered a vast area, the main church in any large town became known as a cathedral (sobor), even though no bishop was in residence there. The principal church of a big monastery also assumed the same name.

After the 16th-century Protestant Reformation, cathedrals where bishops were rejected became simple churches. In Sweden the cathedral continued to be the seat of the Lutheran bishop. In the Church of England (England, Church of), where the order of bishops was retained, the cathedrals remained as the seat of the bishop.

词条	cathedral
释义	cathedral Christian church in Christian churches that have an episcopal form of church government, the church in which a residential bishop has his official seat or throne, the cathedra. Cathedral churches are of different degrees of dignity. There are cathedral churches of simple diocesan bishops, of archbishops or metropolitans, of primates, patriarchs, and, in the Roman Catholic Church (Roman Catholicism), of the pope. A cathedral church is not necessarily large and magnificent, although most cathedrals have become so. Since the territorial organization of the early church followed that of the Roman Empire, cathedrals from the first were established wherever possible in towns, not in villages. In the early European Middle Ages, the town in which a cathedral church was situated became known as the cathedral city. In the Roman Catholic church, canon law makes no architectural conditions for a cathedral. The only canonical requirement is that a cathedral should be consecrated and adequately endowed. The pope has the right to designate a cathedral, although the choice of the bishop of the diocese or his decision to build a cathedral is normally approved by the pope. The bishop must be present in his cathedral on certain holy days, and he must normally perform ordinations there. In the Eastern Orthodox church (Eastern Orthodoxy) the cathedral is the main church in a city where the bishop resides and where he celebrates the liturgy on festival occasions. In Russia, where the dioceses have always been few and have covered a vast area, the main church in any large town became known as a cathedral (sobor), even though no bishop was in residence there. The principal church of a big monastery also assumed the same name. After the 16th-century Protestant Reformation, cathedrals where bishops were rejected became simple churches. In Sweden the cathedral continued to be the seat of the Lutheran bishop. In the Church of England (England, Church of), where the order of bishops was retained, the cathedrals remained as the seat of the bishop.
随便看	Ma-Xia school Maxie Anderson Maxillaria Maxime Bôcher Maxime Du Camp Maxime Weygand Maxim, Hiram Percy Maxim, Hudson Maximian Maximilian Maximilian Felix Ernst Harden Maximilian Franz August von Forckenbeck Maximilian Freiherr von Gagern Maximilian, Graf von Spee Maximilian, Graf von Trauttmansdorff Maximilian I Maximilian II Maximilian II Emanuel Maximilian III Joseph Maximilian Joseph, Graf von Montgelas de Garnerin Maximilian Joseph Montgelas de Garnerin, Graf von Maximilian, Prince Of Baden Maximilian, Prinz zu Wied-Neuwied Maximilian Spee, Graf von Maximilian Trauttmansdorff, Graf von