town, Orange county, central North Carolina, U.S., about 10 miles (16 km) southwest of Durham and some 25 miles (40 km) northwest of Raleigh; with these two cities it constitutes one of the state's major urban areas, the Research Triangle. It was founded in 1792 and named for the Church of England New Hope Chapel that once stood at the crossroads on the hill at the settlement's centre. With the adjoining town of Carrboro (to the west), it forms a university community, being the seat of the University of North Carolina (North Carolina, University of) (chartered 1789; opened 1795). The town's economy is based on the university (including its large medical centre) and on the numerous research facilities located in the vicinity; Research Triangle Park is a short distance east of town.

The Old Well, a campus landmark, has become the university's shrine and symbol. Other notable university institutions include the Morehead Planetarium, one of the largest such facilities in the country; The PlayMakers Repertory Company; Ackland Art Museum, which has a large and diverse collection; and the North Carolina Botanical Garden, with several facilities including the university's herbarium. Nearby recreational facilities include Eno River State Park (north) and Jordan Lake State Recreation Area (south). Inc. 1819. Pop. (1990) city, 38,719; Raleigh–Durham–Chapel Hill MSA, 855,545; (2000) city, 48,715; Raleigh–Durham–Chapel Hill MSA, 1,187,941.