town, capital of Indre département, Centre région, central France. It lies along the Indre River, south of Orléans, on the highway and railway from Paris to Toulouse. It derives its name from a castle built toward the end of the 10th century by Raoul le Large, prince of Déols. The present Château Raoul, occupied by the prefecture, dates from the 15th century. An 18th-century mansion, in which died Count Henri-Gratien Bertrand, a friend of Napoleon I who accompanied him into exile, houses Napoleonic collections. Historically the town's development was strongly linked to the textile industry. Today, Châteauroux's industries produce metal equipment, chemicals, paper, textiles, pharmaceutical products, and cigarettes, and it is the administrative and commercial centre of an extensive agricultural region. It also houses an outpost of the University of Orléans. The refurbished town centre has contributed to the development of tourism. Pop. (1999) 49,632; (2004 est.) 49,100.