port city, Central Java (Jawa Tengah) (Jawa Tengah) propinsi (province), Indonesia, on the southern coast of Java. Its harbour is formed by the long, narrow Kambangan Island, which affords protection from the monsoon seas and swells of the Indian Ocean. The harbour was used during the Battle of the Java Sea in 1942. Cilacap has road and rail connections to the rest of Java. Oil refining is among the area's most important industries. Main exports include copra, rubber, tea, and cassava. Pop. (2000) 212,862.