geochronological division of the Pennsylvanian Period in the United States, which is approximately equivalent to the Late Carboniferous Period (about 318 million to 300 million years ago). It was named for exposures studied along the Conemaugh River in Pennsylvania, and it also occurs in Ohio, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia.

The Conemaugh Series overlies rocks of the Allegheny Series and underlies those of the Monongahela Series; it consists of coal beds, marine shales, limestones, sandstones, red beds, and some freshwater limestones. The coals, marine shales, and limestones are confined to the lower part of the series, whereas the predominantly continental deposits occur in the upper portions.

In Maryland, the Conemaugh Series is approximately 274 m (900 feet) thick, but it thins to the west until, in Ohio, it is only 122 m (400 feet) thick. The Ames Limestone, a well-known marker horizon in the Conemaugh Series, serves as a useful reference point in determining stratigraphic sequences and correlations; it contains abundant marine invertebrate fossil fauna dominated by clams, brachiopods, and snails.