any of a series of literary awards given to writers resident in the United Kingdom and Ireland for books published there in the previous year. Established in 1971 and initially sponsored by the British corporation Whitbread PLC, the awards are given annually and are administered by the British Booksellers Association. In 2006 Costa Coffee, a British coffee shop chain and a subsidiary of Whitbread, assumed ownership of the awards.

Awards are given in five categories (novel, first novel, poetry, biography, and children's); in addition, from these winners one is chosen the Costa Book of the Year. A prize purse of £50,000 is shared among the winners. Among the grand-prize winners are poets Ted Hughes (Hughes, Ted) (for Tales from Ovid in 1997 and Birthday Letters in 1998) and Seamus Heaney (Heaney, Seamus) (for Spirit Level in 1996 and for his translation of Beowulf in 1999). Book of the Year novelists have included William Trevor (Trevor, William) for The Children of Dynmouth in 1976, for Fools of Fortune in 1983, and for Felicia's Journey in 1994; and Iris Murdoch (Murdoch, Dame Iris) for The Sacred and Profane Love Machine in 1974.