German physician and explorer who investigated the Nile tributaries in the western Sudan and took part in the systematic exploration of Ethiopia.

In 1862 Steudner traveled across Ethiopia from Mitsiwa (on the Red Sea) to Lake Tana and across the highlands of Ethiopia north to Khartoum. The following year he went with a Dutch explorer, Alexandrine Tinné, on an expedition up the Baḥr al-Ghazāl, the chief western tributary of the White Nile, into the southwestern Sudan, where he died of fever.