river formed by the confluence of the East Fork Stones and West Fork Stones rivers in Rutherford county, central Tennessee, U.S. It flows about 40 miles (65 km) northwest to enter the Cumberland River 8 miles (13 km) east of Nashville and was named for Uriah Stone, one of four men who discovered the river in 1766. J. Percy Priest Lake, which has 213 miles (343 km) of shoreline and covers most of the river's length, is impounded by a dam completed in 1968. The Stones River watershed drains some 920 square miles (2,400 square km).

The Battle of Stones River (Stones River, Battle of) (December 31, 1862–January 2, 1863) was a major engagement of the American Civil War fought 3 miles (5 km) northwest of Murfreesboro. There, Union troops led by General William S. Rosecrans forced the retreat of the Confederates under General Braxton Bragg. Stones River National Battlefield, established in 1927 and encompassing an area of about 1 square mile (2.6 square km), preserves the site and includes Stones River National Cemetery (1865).