two-volume, alphabetically arranged encyclopaedia compiled and edited by the English encyclopaedist Ephraim Chambers (Chambers, Ephraim) and first published in 1728. The illustrated work treated the arts and sciences; names of persons or places were not included. Seven editions had been published in London by 1751–52. The materials for seven additional volumes were published in two folio volumes in 1753 as a Supplement after having been reworked first by John Lewis Scott and then by John Hill after the death of Chambers.

Although Chambers declined an invitation in 1739 to publish a French edition of his Cyclopædia, a projected French translation of the work became the starting point for L'Encyclopédie, the great 18th-century French encyclopaedia edited by the French philosopher and translator Denis Diderot and the French mathematician Jean d'Alembert.