president of the Central African Republic from 1960 to 1965 and from 1979 to 1981.

Dacko, a former teacher, held ministerial posts under Barthélemy Boganda (Boganda, Barthélemy), the prime minister of the autonomous Central African Republic. Claiming a family relationship, Dacko succeeded to the prime ministership in 1959 after Boganda's death. In 1960 the republic gained its full independence, and Dacko became the country's first president. He ruled the Central African Republic as a one-party state and in 1962 easily won the presidential elections. Dacko was unable to improve the country's failing economy, however, and, with the Central African Republic facing bankruptcy, he was overthrown by Jean-Bédel Bokassa (Bokassa, Jean-Bédel) on the night of Dec. 31, 1965/Jan. 1, 1966.

On Sept. 21, 1979, after 13 years of brutal rule (which included Bokassa's proclamation of a “Central African Empire”), Dacko, aided by French troops, in turn overthrew Bokassa, announcing that the country would revert to a republic with Dacko as president. His presidency was again plagued by numerous problems. Soon after taking office, Dacko survived an assassination attempt, and, following his reelection in 1981, there were riots in Bangui. He was removed from office in September 1981, when General André Kolingba seized power. Dacko unsuccessfully ran for president in 1992 and 1999.