city, northern Bihar state, northeastern India. It lies just to the east of the Baghmati River, a tributary of the Ganges (Ganga). The city was the capital of the Darbhanga raj, an estate established in the 16th century, and contains the Anandbagh palace. It was constituted a municipality in 1864. Darbhanga is the seat of Kameshwara Singh Darbhanga Sanskrit University (1961), which is located on the grounds of the palace. There is a museum containing archaeological materials as well as historical and handicraft exhibits. Darbhanga has been a centre for music since the late 18th century and has produced many well-known dhrupad (an ancient form of Indian classical music) musicians. A major rail and road junction, Darbhanga trades in agricultural produce, mangoes, and fish. In addition to food processing, there is some light manufacturing.

Darbhanga is situated on a vast alluvial plain, with low-lying areas containing marshes and lakes. Grains, oilseeds, tobacco, sugarcane, and mangoes are important crops in the region. Pop. (2001) city, 267,348.