the first German dictionary conceived on scientific lines; initiated by Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm. The dictionary was designed to give the etymology and history, illustrated by quotations, of all the words in the (New) High German literary language from the time of Martin Luther (c. 1500) to that of J.W. von Goethe (d. 1832), as well as significant dialectical words and forms; pronunciations were to be omitted. The Grimm brothers completed four volumes of the massive projected work, Jacob being responsible for volumes I (published at Leipzig in 1852), III, and IV up to the word Frucht (“fruit”) and Wilhelm for volume II. Other German philologists, essentially agreeing with the aims and principles established by the Grimms, continued to labour on the dictionary after the death of the brothers. Cooperation between scholars from East and West Germany expedited its completion (1960).