city, northwestern Maharashtra (Mahārāshtra) state, western India. It is located on major road and rail routes. In early Muslim times it belonged to the Faruquis, but later, in 1601, it became part of the Mughal Empire. It was conquered by the Marathas in the 18th century and ceded to the British in 1818; it joined the Bombay Presidency in 1818. Formerly an agricultural commercial centre, Dhule has become a growing industrial city, with a cotton textile mill and such small-scale industries as cotton ginning, cigarette making, and oil processing. It has several colleges affiliated with the University of Pune. The large area around Dhule contains two main hill systems—the Satpura (Satpura Range) (north) and Satmala (south) ranges—which are offshoots of the Western Ghats. Between them the Tapti River flows through a fertile valley that is part of the cotton-growing Khandesh region. Other important crops are grain sorghum, bajra (pearl millet), peanuts (groundnuts), and chilies; most of the agricultural produce is shipped to Mumbai (Bombay). The hills are forested and contain the resort town of Toranmal. Pop. (2001) 341,755.