Japanese literary award given annually to a Japanese writer in recognition of an exemplary literary work. The prize consists of a trophy and one million yen. It was established in honour of Japanese novelist Tanizaki Jun'ichirō in 1965, the year of his death. Winners have included Endō Shūsaku for the novel Chimmoku (1966; Silence) and Ōe Kenzaburō for the novel Man'en gannen no futtōbōru (1967; The Silent Cry).