monumental French dictionary compiled by Maximilien-Paul-Émile Littré (Littré, Paul-Émile), a French lexicographer.

Begun in 1844 and published in four volumes from 1863 to 1873, with a supplement issued in 1877, it contained many quotations from works of literature written in the 16th–19th century, exhibiting historically the growth of the French language. In it, Littré attempted to classify precisely every sense in which a word could be used. In the arrangement of definitions, the first place is given to the most primitive meaning of the word instead of to the most common one; but other meanings follow in an order that is often logical rather than historical.

A reprint in modern format was published in 1956–58 in seven volumes, with the material from the original supplement incorporated into the alphabetization. This dictionary remains important for its history, etymology, and grammar. Other reissues appeared in 1978 (four volumes) and 1983 (four volumes and a supplement in one volume).