political and social reformer who was a leader of the 1809 coup d'état that overthrew Sweden's absolutist king Gustav IV. (Gustav IV Adolf)

Holding the rank of lieutenant colonel in the army, Adlersparre led a faction of officers that, with another group, the “men of 1809,” deposed Gustav IV on March 13, 1809, after several years of planning. A liberal, Adlersparre had been moved to conspire against the monarch by Gustav's refusal to summon a Riksdag (estates general) during a decade of excessive taxation and disastrous wars. After the coup, however, Adlersparre retreated somewhat from his earlier liberalism and championed the strong monarchy that the new constitution was soon to provide. He served in the Council of State (1809–10) and then as governor of the county of Skaraborg (1810–24). In 1814 he declined the post of governor-general of Norway (administered under the Swedish crown from 1814 to 1905), urging unsuccessfully that a Norwegian hold that office. Adlersparre also championed such social projects as prison reform.