city, western Ukraine. Known from the 11th and 12th centuries for its salt, it was a small trade and administrative centre until the 19th century, when it expanded with the development of nearby deposits of ozokerite, petroleum, and natural gas. Potassium and magnesium also have been mined. There are oil-refining, machine-building, and diverse light industries. Pop. (2001) 79,119; (2005 est.) 78,595.