American poet, a leader of the Black Mountain group of poets in the 1950s.

Duncan attended the University of California at Berkeley in 1936–38 and 1948–50. He edited the Experimental Review from 1938 to 1940 and traveled widely thereafter, lecturing on poetry in the United States and Canada throughout the 1950s. He taught at Black Mountain College in North Carolina in 1956. He was a longtime resident of San Francisco and was active in that city's poetry community.

Duncan's poetry is evocative and highly musical and uses a rich fabric of associations and images whose meanings are sometimes obscure. Myths and a visionary mysticism inform much of his poetry, though his thematic concerns also include strong social and political statements. His earlier poems were collected in The Years as Catches: First Poems, 1939–1946 (1966), and his poems of the 1950s appear in Derivations: Selected Poems, 1950–56 (1968). The Opening of the Field (1960), Roots and Branches (1964), Bending the Bow (1968), and Ground Work (1984) are collections of his finest poems. He also wrote plays, including Medea at Kolchis (1965).