city, Essex county, northeastern New Jersey, U.S., adjoining Newark on the northwest. Originally settled in 1678 by 30 families from Newark, it was set off from Orange township and established as a municipality in 1863. Mainly a residential suburb, it nevertheless has an industrial section, which has been called Ampere since Francis Bacon Crocker and Schuyler S. Wheeler began manufacturing electric motors there in the 1890s. Other manufactures include signs, chemicals, and plastics. It is home to Upsala College (1893). Inc. 1899. Pop. (1990) 73,552; (2000) 69,824.