English novelist and scholar of Icelandic literature whose works in the genre of romantic fantasy influenced the English fantasist J.R.R. Tolkien (Tolkien, J.R.R.).

Eddison attended Eton College and then Trinity College, Oxford (B.A., 1905). From 1906 he worked for the Board of Trade, rising to become comptroller-general in the Department of Overseas Trade (1930–37).

In Eddison's most famous work, The Worm Ouroboros (1922), a tale of magic and wizardry, the hero travels to a planet named Mercury, where culture contains a blend of Eastern and Western feudal, classical, and modern cultures. Eddison's Zimiamvia trilogy—Mistress of Mistresses (1935), A Fish Dinner in Memison (1941), and The Mezentian Gate (1958; posthumously gathered from notes)—takes place in the heaven he first described in The Worm Ouroboros.

Eddison's knowledge of Northern sagas and myths is evident in Styrbiorn the Strong (1926) and in his translation of the Icelandic Egils saga (1930). The influence of his ornate, heavily rhythmic and archaic style is seen in Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings (1954–56).