Egyptian-born Canadian writer and film director who is known for his nuanced character studies of people in unconventional circumstances.

Egoyan was born to Armenian parents in Cairo and from age three was reared in Victoria, B.C. Although he received a B.A. (1982) in international studies from the University of Toronto, his abiding interest in the arts prompted him to look toward a career in theatre. Having written his first play at age 13, Egoyan immersed himself as a university student in artistic activity, writing more plays and making short films.

In his first short film, Howard in Particular (1979), an aging employee is ushered into retirement by a tape recorder. That film's theme, an examination of the impact of technology on experience, recurred in later films such as Peep Show (1981) and Family Viewing (1987).

Egoyan drew upon his Armenian background and family experiences for such films as Next of Kin (1984), in which a young man masquerades as a lost son of an Armenian family; he first gained widespread recognition when that film was chosen to be shown at the Toronto International Film Festival. Egoyan next directed Family Viewing, a story about a man estranged from his Armenian wife. In Speaking Parts (1989) a hotel employee is given the chance to play the lead in a film. The premise for The Adjuster (1991) took shape as Egoyan studied the insurance agent who came to assess the damage to his family's business when it was destroyed by fire. Egoyan followed those films with Calendar (1993), in which he starred as a Canadian photographer taking snapshots of Armenian churches for a calendar, and Exotica (1994), which depicts the interactions between a group of people associated with an exotic strip club.

Egoyan cemented his reputation in 1997 when The Sweet Hereafter won several prizes at the Cannes International Film Festival. The film, which was based on a novel by Russell Banks (Banks, Russell), was a chilling depiction of characters in a small town divided by grief and greed following a tragic school-bus accident. It was the first of Egoyan's films to be based on another's work. He again adapted a book for the screen with Felicia's Last Journey (1999), based on a novel by William Trevor (Trevor, William).

Ararat marked a departure from Egoyan's usual subject matter by addressing the controversial subject of the Armenian massacres by the Young Turk government during World War I. He approached the topic obliquely, choosing to centre the plot on a contemporary filmmaker producing a shallow, commercial film about the tragedy. In Adoration (2008), Egoyan explored the effects of Internet communication on the formation of adolescent identity. Egoyan's documentary Citadel (2006) follows his wife, actress Arsinée Khanjian, as she returns to her homeland of Lebanon for the first time in 28 years.

Egoyan also worked in television, directing Gross Misconduct (1992), a TV movie about the life of hockey player Brian (“Spinner”) Spencer, and episodes of Alfred Hitchcock Presents and The Twilight Zone. In 1996 he mounted a production of the opera Salome for the Canadian Opera Company, and in 1997 he wrote the libretto for Rodney Sharman's opera Elsewhereless. Egoyan also directed the experimental short film Bach Cello Suite \\#4: Sarabande (1997), which intersperses scenes of cellist Yo-Yo Ma (Ma, Yo-Yo) performing the titular piece with vignettes featuring Egoyan's wife. He directed a version of Samuel Beckett (Beckett, Samuel)'s play Krapp's Last Tape (2000) for television as well.