American biologist and educator who in 1990 shared Sweden's Crafoord Prize (established in 1980 and awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, to support those areas of science not covered by the Nobel Prizes) with biologist E.O. Wilson.

Ehrlich received early inspiration to study ecology when in his high school years he read William Vogt's Road to Survival (1948), an early study of the problem of rapid population growth and food production. Ehrlich graduated in zoology from the University of Pennsylvania (B.A., 1953) and took M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Kansas (1955, 1957). He held a few research positions before accepting (1959) a position at Stanford University, where he became a full professor of biology from 1966 and Bing professor of population studies from 1976. Though much of his research was done in the field of entomology, Ehrlich's overriding concern became unchecked population growth. He was concerned that humanity treat the Earth as a spaceship with limited resources and a heavily burdened life-support system; otherwise, he feared, “mankind will breed itself into oblivion.” He published a distillation of his many articles and lectures on the subject in The Population Bomb (1968) and wrote hundreds of papers and articles on the subject.