earthquake with a magnitude of 7.9 that struck the Tokyo-Yokohama (Tokyo-Yokohama Metropolitan Area) metropolitan area near noon on Sept. 1, 1923. The death toll from this shock was estimated at more than 140,000. More than half of the brick buildings and one-tenth of the reinforced concrete structures collapsed. Many hundreds of thousands of houses were either shaken down or burned. The shock started a tsunami that reached a height of 39.5 feet (12 metres) at Atami on Sagami Gulf, where it destroyed 155 houses and killed 60 persons. The only comparable Japanese earthquake in the 20th century was at Kōbe on Jan. 16, 1995; about 5,500 people died amid considerable damage, which included widespread fires in the city and a landslide in nearby Nishinomiya.