Hungarian-born French motion-picture art director whose studio-built sets—the fairground in Quai des brumes (1938; Port of Shadows), the St. Martin Canal in Hotel du Nord (1938), the metro station in Les Portes de la nuit (1946; Gates of Night)—formed the moviegoing public's images of France.

Trauner, who had studied painting at the School of Fine Arts in Budapest, began his film career in Paris in the early 1930s as an assistant to the art director Lazare Meerson. Influenced by Meerson, Trauner's poetic realism—exemplified in Quai des brumes, Le Jour se lève (1939; Daybreak), and other films with director Marcel Carné and screenwriter Jacques Prévert—typified set design in the late 1930s and was adopted by many European filmmakers. In later work with Carné and Prévert, Trauner developed his style of constructing detailed but uncluttered period interiors. Notable examples include Les Visiteurs du soir (1942; The Devil's Envoy) and Les Enfants du paradis (1945; Children of Paradise), on both of which Trauner worked clandestinely while in hiding during the Nazi occupation of France.

After 1952 he designed sets for international and American productions, including a number directed by Billy Wilder (Wilder, Billy), such as Love in the Afternoon (1957), The Apartment (1960), for which he won an Academy Award, and Fedora (1978). Trauner's later films included Don Giovanni (1979) and Round Midnight (1986).