city, southeastern Haryana (Haryāna) state, northwestern India, connected by road with Delhi (north) and Mathura (southeast). It was founded in 1607 by Shaikh Farīd, treasurer for the Mughal emperor Jahāngīr, to protect the Delhi-Agra high road. It was constituted a municipality in 1867. A project for Pakistani refugee resettlement and light industrial development was initiated in the city in 1950. Faridabad is a local market for wheat, sugarcane, and cotton. Its manufactures include machine tools, tractors, motorcycles, steel tubes, textiles, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. Faridabad has several colleges including Aggarwal College, the Career Institute of Technology and Management, Jawaharlal Nehru Government Post Graduate College, Mohta Institute of Management, and the National Institute of Financial Management. The area surrounding Faridabad comprises part of the southern Punjab Plain. Agriculture and industry are both economically important; jowar (grain sorghum) and bajra (pearl millet) are grown. Pop. (2001) 1,055,938.