French lawyer and politician, premier (1952, 1955–56), and a prominent Gaullist during the Fifth Republic.

The son of a military doctor, Faure studied Russian at the Paris School of Eastern Languages, later graduating from the Paris faculty of law and practicing in the capital. Entering politics, he joined the Radical Party. During World War II he took part in the resistance movement, joining General Charles de Gaulle's (Gaulle, Charles de) French Committee of National Liberation in Algiers (1943–44).

Elected a deputy to the National Assembly in 1946, he rose to become premier for six weeks in 1952 and for a year in 1955. Then came the collapse of the Fourth Republic and de Gaulle's rise to power in 1958. Although at first excluded by de Gaulle, from 1962 Faure was given delicate and important missions abroad and in 1966 was made minister of agriculture. Appointed minister of education after the student rebellion in May–June 1968, he transformed the university system within a year.

De Gaulle's resignation in 1969 meant a second downfall for Faure, whose reforms were not approved by President Georges Pompidou. In 1973, however, he became president of the National Assembly and held the post until 1978. He was elected a member of the European Parliament from 1979 to1981.

In 1978 Faure was elected to the Académie Française. Besides various political and social works, he wrote detective novels under the pseudonym Edgar Sanday.