Baluchi tribe that furnished a number of Muslim amīrs in the Upper and Lower Sind, when the region was nominally a part of the Durrānī kingdom of Afghanistan. One of their leaders, Mīr Fatḥ ʿĀlī Khān, set himself up as the rais, or viceroy, of Sind in 1783. He settled amicably with two Afghan expeditions for recovery of arrears of tribute, and by his death in 1802 Tālpur rule was firmly established in Sind. The Tālpur, native to Baluchistan, claimed no saintly descent and were not as popular as their predecessors, the Kalhōrā; but they did succeed in imposing peace in the area for 40 years and establishing a reasonably efficient administration.

The Tālpur consolidated and extended the Sind government at Hyderābād and recovered Karāchi. The British saw the Sind as the gateway to Afghanistan and, after years of increasing pressures, annexed the territory in 1843.