city, central Ukraine, on the Umanka River. It dates from the Middle Ages and was incorporated in 1795. For more than a century (1726–1832) it was owned by the Potocki family of Polish magnates. It grew considerably from the late 19th century, with the arrival of the railroad. Uman eventually became an industrial centre specializing in scientific instruments, with some engineering, food, and building-materials industries. It has teacher-training and agricultural institutes. Pop. (2001) 88,735; (2005 est.) 87,531.