mythological figure of European tradition, a water nymph who becomes human when she falls in love with a man but is doomed to die if he is unfaithful to her. Derived from the Greek figures known as Nereids (Nereid), attendants of the sea god Poseidon, Ondine was first mentioned in the writings of the Swiss author Paracelsus, who put forth his theory that there are spirits called “undines” who inhabit the element of water. A version of the myth was adapted as the romance Undine by Baron Fouqué (Fouqué, Friedrich Heinrich Karl de la Motte, Baron) in 1811, and librettos based on the romance were written by E.T.A. Hoffmann (Hoffmann, E.T.A.) in 1816 and Albert Lortzing (Lortzing, Albert) in 1845. Maurice Maeterlinck (Maeterlinck, Maurice)'s play Pelléas et Mélisande (1892) was in part based on this myth, as was Ondine (1939), a drama by Jean Giraudoux (Giraudoux, Jean). Compare gnome; sylph. The myth was also the basis of a ballet choreographed and performed by Margot Fonteyn (Fonteyn, Dame Margot).

The word is from the Latin unda, meaning “wave” or “water.”