请输入您要查询的百科知识:

 

词条 uniform circular motion
释义
uniform circular motion
physics
motion of a particle moving at a constant speed on a circle. In the Figure-->, the velocity vector v of the particle is constant in magnitude, but it changes in direction by an amount Δv while the particle moves from position B to position C, and the radius R of the circle sweeps out the angle ΔΘ. Because OB and OC are perpendicular to the velocity vectors, the isosceles triangles OBC and DEF are similar, so that the ratio of the chord BC to the radius R is equal to the ratio of the magnitudes of Δv to v. As ΔΘ approaches zero, the chord BC and the arc BC approach one another, and the chord can be replaced by the arc in the ratio. Because the speed of the particle is constant, if Δt is the time corresponding to ΔΘ, the length of the arc BC is equal to vΔt; and, using the ratio relationship, vΔt/R = Δv/v, from which, approximately, Δvt = v2/R. In the limit, as Δt approaches zero, v2/R is the magnitude of the instantaneous acceleration a of the particle and is directed inward toward the centre of the circle, as shown at G in the Figure-->; this acceleration is known as the centripetal acceleration, or the normal (at a right angle to the path) component of the acceleration, the other component, which appears when the speed of the particle is changing, being tangent to the path.
随便看

 

百科全书收录100133条中英文百科知识,基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识,是一部内容开放、自由的电子版百科全书。

 

Copyright © 2004-2023 Newdu.com All Rights Reserved
更新时间:2025/4/10 21:33:57