U.S. presidential election results

year candidate political party electoral

votes¹ popular

votes² popular

percentage³

1789

George Washington (Washington, George)⁴ no formally organized parties 69⁵

John Adams (Adams, John) 34

John Jay (Jay, John) 9

R.H. Harrison 6

John Rutledge (Rutledge, John) 6

John Hancock (Hancock, John) 4

George Clinton (Clinton, George) 3

Samuel Huntington 2

John Milton 2

James Armstrong 1

Benjamin Lincoln (Lincoln, Benjamin) 1

Edward Telfair 1

(not voted) 44

1792

George Washington (Washington, George)⁴ Federalist (Federalist Party) 132

John Adams (Adams, John) Federalist (Federalist Party) 77

George Clinton (Clinton, George) Democratic-Republican (Democratic-Republican Party) 50

Thomas Jefferson (Jefferson, Thomas) 4

Aaron Burr (Burr, Aaron) 1

1796

John Adams (Adams, John) Federalist (Federalist Party) 71

Thomas Jefferson (Jefferson, Thomas) Democratic-Republican (Democratic-Republican Party) 68

Thomas Pinckney (Pinckney, Thomas) Federalist (Federalist Party) 59

Aaron Burr (Burr, Aaron) Antifederalist (Anti-Federalists) 30

Samuel Adams (Adams, Samuel) Democratic-Republican (Democratic-Republican Party) 15

Oliver Ellsworth (Ellsworth, Oliver) Federalist (Federalist Party) 11

George Clinton (Clinton, George) Democratic-Republican (Democratic-Republican Party) 7

John Jay (Jay, John) Independent-Federalist 5

James Iredell (Iredell, James) Federalist (Federalist Party) 3

George Washington (Washington, George) Federalist (Federalist Party) 2

John Henry Independent 2

S. Johnston Independent-Federalist 2

Charles Cotesworth Pinckney (Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth) Independent-Federalist 1

1800

Thomas Jefferson (Jefferson, Thomas) Democratic-Republican (Democratic-Republican Party) 73⁶

Aaron Burr (Burr, Aaron) Democratic-Republican (Democratic-Republican Party) 73⁶

John Adams (Adams, John) Federalist (Federalist Party) 65

Charles Cotesworth Pinckney (Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth) Federalist (Federalist Party) 64

John Jay (Jay, John) Federalist (Federalist Party) 1

1804

Thomas Jefferson (Jefferson, Thomas) Democratic-Republican (Democratic-Republican Party) 162

Charles Cotesworth Pinckney (Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth) Federalist (Federalist Party) 14

1808

James Madison (Madison, James) Democratic-Republican (Democratic-Republican Party) 122

Charles Cotesworth Pinckney (Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth) Federalist (Federalist Party) 47

George Clinton (Clinton, George) Independent-Republican 6

(not voted) 1

1812

James Madison (Madison, James) Democratic-Republican (Democratic-Republican Party) 128

DeWitt Clinton (Clinton, DeWitt) Fusion 89

(not voted) 1

1816

James Monroe (Monroe, James) Democratic-Republican (Democratic-Republican Party) 183

Rufus King (King, Rufus) Federalist (Federalist Party) 34

(not voted) 4

1820

James Monroe (Monroe, James) Democratic-Republican (Democratic-Republican Party) 231

John Quincy Adams (Adams, John Quincy) Independent-Republican 1

(not voted) 3

1824

John Quincy Adams (Adams, John Quincy) no distinct party designations 84⁷ 108,740 30.9

Andrew Jackson (Jackson, Andrew) 99 153,544 41.3

Henry Clay (Clay, Henry) 37 47,531 13.0

William H. Crawford (Crawford, William H) 41 40,856 11.2

1828

Andrew Jackson (Jackson, Andrew) Democratic (Democratic Party) 178 647,286 56.0

John Quincy Adams (Adams, John Quincy) National Republican (National Republican Party) 83 508,064 43.6

1832

Andrew Jackson (Jackson, Andrew) Democratic (Democratic Party) 219 687,502 54.2

Henry Clay (Clay, Henry) National Republican (National Republican Party) 49 530,189 37.4

William Wirt Anti-Masonic 7 100,715 7.8

John Floyd Nullifiers 11

(not voted) 2

1836

Martin Van Buren (Van Buren, Martin) Democratic (Democratic Party) 170 762,678 50.8

William Henry Harrison (Herrick, James Bryan) Whig (Whig Party) 73 550,816 36.6

Hugh L. White Whig (Whig Party) 26 146,107 9.7

Daniel Webster (Webster, Daniel) Whig (Whig Party) 14 41,201 2.7

W.P. Mangum Anti-Jackson 11

1840

William Henry Harrison (Herrick, James Bryan) Whig (Whig Party) 234 1,275,016 52.9

Martin Van Buren (Van Buren, Martin) Democratic (Democratic Party) 60 1,129,102 46.8

1844

James K. Polk (Polk, James K.) Democratic (Democratic Party) 170 1,337,243 49.5

Henry Clay (Clay, Henry) Whig (Whig Party) 105 1,299,062 48.1

James Gillespie Birney (Birney, James Gillespie) Liberty (Liberty Party) 62,103 2.3

1848

Zachary Taylor (Taylor, Zachary) Whig (Whig Party) 163 1,360,099 47.3

Lewis Cass (Cass, Lewis) Democratic (Democratic Party) 127 1,220,544 42.5

Martin Van Buren (Van Buren, Martin) Free Soil (Free-Soil Party) 291,501 10.1

1852

Franklin Pierce (Pierce, Franklin) Democratic (Democratic Party) 254 1,601,274 50.8

Winfield Scott (Scott, Winfield) Whig (Whig Party) 42 1,386,580 43.9

John Parker Hale (Hale, John Parker) Free Soil (Free-Soil Party) 155,210 4.9

1856

James Buchanan (Buchanan, James) Democratic (Democratic Party) 174 1,838,169 45.3

John C. Frémont (Frémont, John C) Republican (Republican Party) 114 1,341,264 33.1

Millard Fillmore (Fillmore, Millard) American (Know-Nothing (Know-Nothing party)) 8 873,053 21.5

1860

Abraham Lincoln (Lincoln, Abraham) Republican (Republican Party) 180 1,866,452 39.9

John C. Breckinridge (Breckinridge, John C) Southern Democratic 72 847,953 18.1

Stephen A. Douglas (Douglas, Stephen A) Democratic (Democratic Party) 12 1,380,202 29.5

John Bell (Bell, John) Constitutional Union (Constitutional Union Party) 39 590,901 12.6

1864

Abraham Lincoln (Lincoln, Abraham) Republican (Republican Party) 212 2,213,665 55.0

George B. McClellan (McClellan, George B) Democratic (Democratic Party) 21 1,805,237 45.0

(not voted) 81

1868

Ulysses S. Grant (Grant, Ulysses S.) Republican (Republican Party) 214 3,012,833 52.7

Horatio Seymour (Seymour, Horatio) Democratic (Democratic Party) 80 2,703,249 47.3

(not voted) 23

1872

Ulysses S. Grant (Grant, Ulysses S.) Republican (Republican Party) 286 3,597,132 55.6

Horace Greeley (Greeley, Horace)⁸ Democratic/Liberal Republican (Democratic Party) 2,834,125 43.8

Thomas A. Hendricks (Hendricks, Thomas A) Independent-Democratic 42

B. Gratz Brown Democratic (Democratic Party) 18

Charles J. Jenkins Democratic (Democratic Party) 2

David Davis (Davis, David) Democratic (Democratic Party) 1

(not voted) 17

1876

Rutherford B. Hayes (Hayes, Rutherford B.) Republican (Republican Party) 185 4,036,298 48.0

Samuel J. Tilden (Tilden, Samuel J) Democratic (Democratic Party) 184 4,300,590 51.0

1880

James A. Garfield (Garfield, James A.) Republican (Republican Party) 214 4,454,416 48.3

Winfield Scott Hancock (Hancock, Winfield Scott) Democratic (Democratic Party) 155 4,444,952 48.2

James B. Weaver (Weaver, James B) Greenback (Greenback movement) 305,997 3.3

1884

Grover Cleveland (Cleveland, Grover) Democratic (Democratic Party) 219 4,874,986 48.5

James G. Blaine (Blaine, James G.) Republican (Republican Party) 182 4,851,981 48.3

1888

Benjamin Harrison (Harrison, Benjamin) Republican (Republican Party) 233 5,439,853 47.8

Grover Cleveland (Cleveland, Grover) Democratic (Democratic Party) 168 5,540,309 48.6

Clinton B. Fisk Prohibition (Prohibition Party) 249,819 2.2

1892

Grover Cleveland (Cleveland, Grover) Democratic (Democratic Party) 277 5,556,918 46.1

Benjamin Harrison (Harrison, Benjamin) Republican (Republican Party) 145 5,176,108 43.0

James B. Weaver (Weaver, James B) People's (Populist (Populist Movement)) 22 1,027,329 8.5

John Bidwell (Bidwell, John) Prohibition (Prohibition Party) 270,770 2.2

1896

William McKinley (McKinley, William) Republican (Republican Party) 271 7,104,779 51.0

William Jennings Bryan (Bryan, William Jennings) Democratic (Democratic Party)⁹ 176 6,502,925 46.7

1900

William McKinley (McKinley, William) Republican (Republican Party) 292 7,207,923 51.7

William Jennings Bryan (Bryan, William Jennings) Democratic (Democratic Party)⁹ 155 6,358,133 45.5

1904

Theodore Roosevelt (Roosevelt, Theodore) Republican (Republican Party) 336 7,623,486 56.4

Alton B. Parker (Parker, Alton B) Democratic (Democratic Party) 140 5,077,911 37.6

Eugene V. Debs (Debs, Eugene V.) Socialist 402,489 3.0

1908

William Howard Taft (Taft, William Howard) Republican (Republican Party) 321 7,678,908 51.6

William Jennings Bryan (Bryan, William Jennings) Democratic (Democratic Party) 162 6,409,104 43.0

Eugene V. Debs (Debs, Eugene V.) Socialist 420,380 2.8

1912

Woodrow Wilson (Wilson, Woodrow) Democratic (Democratic Party) 435 6,293,454 41.8

Theodore Roosevelt (Roosevelt, Theodore) Progressive (Bull Moose (Bull Moose Party)) 88 4,119,207 27.4

William Howard Taft (Taft, William Howard) Republican (Republican Party) 8 3,483,922 23.2

Eugene V. Debs (Debs, Eugene V.) Socialist 900,369 6.0

1916

Woodrow Wilson (Wilson, Woodrow) Democratic (Democratic Party) 277 9,129,606 49.2

Charles Evans Hughes (Hughes, Charles Evans) Republican (Republican Party) 254 8,538,221 46.1

Allan L. Benson Socialist 589,924 3.2

1920

Warren G. Harding (Harding, Warren G.) Republican (Republican Party) 404 16,147,249 60.3

James M. Cox (Cox, James M) Democratic (Democratic Party) 127 9,140,864 34.1

Eugene V. Debs (Debs, Eugene V.) Socialist 897,704 3.4

1924

Calvin Coolidge (Coolidge, Calvin) Republican (Republican Party) 382 15,725,016 54.1

John W. Davis (Davis, John W.) Democratic (Democratic Party) 136 8,386,503 28.8

Robert M. La Follette (La Follette, Robert M) Progressive (Progressive Party) 13 4,822,856 16.6

1928

Herbert Hoover (Hoover, Herbert) Republican (Republican Party) 444 21,392,190 58.0

Alfred E. Smith (Smith, Al) Democratic (Democratic Party) 87 15,016,443 40.7

1932

Franklin D. Roosevelt (Roosevelt, Franklin D.) Democratic (Democratic Party) 472 22,821,857 57.3

Herbert Hoover (Hoover, Herbert) Republican (Republican Party) 59 15,761,841 39.6

Norman Thomas (Thomas, Norman) Socialist 884,781 2.2

1936

Franklin D. Roosevelt (Roosevelt, Franklin D.) Democratic (Democratic Party) 523 27,476,673 60.2

Alfred M. Landon (Landon, Alf) Republican (Republican Party) 8 16,679,583 36.5

1940

Franklin D. Roosevelt (Roosevelt, Franklin D.) Democratic (Democratic Party) 449 27,243,466 54.7

Wendell L. Willkie (Willkie, Wendell L.) Republican (Republican Party) 82 22,304,755 44.8

1944

Franklin D. Roosevelt (Roosevelt, Franklin D.) Democratic (Democratic Party) 432 25,602,505 53.3

Thomas E. Dewey (Dewey, Thomas E.) Republican (Republican Party) 99 22,006,278 45.8

1948

Harry S. Truman (Truman, Harry S.) Democratic (Democratic Party) 303 24,105,695 49.4

Thomas E. Dewey (Dewey, Thomas E.) Republican (Republican Party) 189 21,969,170 45.0

Strom Thurmond (Thurmond, Strom) States' Rights Democratic ( Dixiecrat) 39 1,169,021 2.4

Henry A. Wallace (Wallace, Henry A.) Progressive (Progressive Party) 1,156,103 2.4

1952

Dwight D. Eisenhower (Eisenhower, Dwight D.) Republican (Republican Party) 442 33,778,963 54.9

Adlai E. Stevenson (Stevenson, Adlai E) Democratic (Democratic Party) 89 27,314,992 44.4

1956

Dwight D. Eisenhower (Eisenhower, Dwight D.) Republican (Republican Party) 457 35,581,003 57.4

Adlai E. Stevenson (Stevenson, Adlai E) Democratic (Democratic Party) 73 25,738,765 42.0

Walter Jones (not a candidate) 1

1960

John F. Kennedy (Kennedy, John F.) Democratic (Democratic Party) 303 34,227,096 49.7

Richard M. Nixon (Nixon, Richard M.) Republican (Republican Party) 219 34,107,646 49.5

Harry F. Byrd (not a candidate) 15

1964

Lyndon B. Johnson (Johnson, Lyndon B.) Democratic (Democratic Party) 486 42,825,463 61.1

Barry M. Goldwater (Goldwater, Barry) Republican (Republican Party) 52 27,146,969 38.5

1968

Richard M. Nixon (Nixon, Richard M.) Republican (Republican Party) 301 31,710,470 43.4

Hubert H. Humphrey (Humphrey, Hubert H) Democratic (Democratic Party) 191 30,898,055 42.7

George C. Wallace (Wallace, George C.) American Independent 46 9,906,473 13.5

1972

Richard M. Nixon (Nixon, Richard M.) Republican (Republican Party) 520 46,740,323 60.7

George S. McGovern (McGovern, George S) Democratic (Democratic Party) 17 28,901,598 37.5

John Hospers Libertarian 1 3,673 \\<0.1

1976

Jimmy Carter (Carter, Jimmy) Democratic (Democratic Party) 297 40,825,839 50.0

Gerald R. Ford (Ford, Gerald R.) Republican (Republican Party) 240 39,147,770 48.0

Ronald W. Reagan (not a candidate) 1

1980

Ronald W. Reagan (Reagan, Ronald W.) Republican (Republican Party) 489 43,642,639 50.4

Jimmy Carter (Carter, Jimmy) Democratic (Democratic Party) 49 35,480,948 41.0

John B. Anderson Independent 5,719,437 6.6

1984

Ronald W. Reagan (Reagan, Ronald W.) Republican (Republican Party) 525 54,455,075 58.8

Walter F. Mondale (Mondale, Walter) Democratic (Democratic Party) 13 37,577,185 40.6

1988

George Bush (Bush, George) Republican (Republican Party) 426 48,886,097 53.4

Michael S. Dukakis (Dukakis, Michael S.) Democratic (Democratic Party) 111 41,809,074 45.7

Lloyd Bentsen (not a candidate) 1

1992

Bill Clinton (Clinton, Bill) Democratic (Democratic Party) 370 44,909,889 43.0

George Bush (Bush, George) Republican (Republican Party) 168 39,104,545 37.4

Ross Perot (Perot, Ross) Independent 19,742,267 18.9

1996

Bill Clinton (Clinton, Bill) Democratic (Democratic Party) 379 47,402,357 49.2

Bob Dole (Dole, Bob) Republican (Republican Party) 159 39,198,755 40.7

Ross Perot (Perot, Ross) Reform 8,085,402 8.4

2000

George W. Bush (Bush, George W.) Republican (Republican Party) 271 50,456,002 47.9

Al Gore (Gore, Al) Democratic (Democratic Party) 266¹⁰ 50,999,897 48.4

Ralph Nader (Nader, Ralph) Green 2,882,955 2.7

2004

George W. Bush (Bush, George W.) Republican (Republican Party) 286 62,028,285 50.7

John Kerry (Kerry, John) Democratic (Democratic Party) 251 59,028,109 48.3

John Edwards (Edwards, John) (not a candidate) 1

2008

Barack Obama (Obama, Barack) Democratic (Democratic Party) 365 69,456,000 52.9

John McCain (McCain, John) Republican (Republican Party) 173 59,934,000 45.7

¹In elections from 1789 to 1804, each elector voted for two individuals without indicating which was to be president and which vice president.

²In early elections, electors were chosen by legislatures, not by popular vote, in many states.

³Candidates winning no electoral votes and less than 2 percent of the popular vote are excluded; percentages may not add up to 100 percent because of rounding.

⁴Washington was unopposed for president in 1789 and 1792.

⁵Because the two houses of the New York legislature could not agree on electors, the state did not cast its electoral vote. North Carolina and Rhode Island had not yet ratified the Constitution.

⁶As both Jefferson and Burr received the same number of electoral votes, the decision was referred to the House of Representatives. The Twelfth Amendment (1804) provided that electors cast separate ballots for president and vice president.

⁷As no candidate received a majority of the electoral votes, the decision was made by the House of Representatives.

⁸Greeley died shortly after the election in November. Three electors pledged to Greeley cast their votes for him, but they were not counted; the others cast their votes for the other candidates listed.

⁹Includes a variety of joint tickets with People's Party electors committed to Bryan.

¹⁰One Gore elector from Washington, D.C., abstained from casting an electoral vote.

Sources: Electoral and popular vote totals based on data from the Office of the Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives; the United States Office of the Federal Register; the Federal Election Commission; and Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections, 4th ed. (2001); and the official certified state vote totals.